You can speak to a Space Station by first selecting the station using the 'c' on your keyboard then hitting the '/' key. An easier way to do it is to just hit Shift+C while within 1200m of a Station.
As for blowing them up I am not sure if this can be done. I have never tried but my first guess would be no.
ive seen factional stations with less than full sheilds/armor and what not. i tried attacking the imperial one in naboo space since i killed the nearby ties. i couldnt even drop its sheilds 1%, but then again im only teir 2